Friday, December 3, 2010

TARSILA SA MAGUINDANAO


 PAGANAY, MAGULALING, SIBUGAY TAMAN SA SULOG

1. SHARIF KABUNSUAN- son of Sharif Zainal Abi-Din 1515.

2. SHARIF MAKA-ALANG-son of Sharif Kabunsuan in 1548 during the Villalobos Expedition some Spaniards stayed with the inhabitant, the other flew back to Spain due to religious conflict.

3. DATU BANGKAYA- son of Sharif Maka-Alang in 1574 Guido de Lazares to send letter to the Spanish king stating that the chief of the Mindanao ruler wished to become friend to the Spaniards….from Spanish report date: 1574-1579.

4. DATU DIMASANGKAY- son of Datu Bangkaya according to Spanish report was the ruler in 1579.The leading Datus Iranon and Maranao claimed descendants of Datu Dimasangkay. Luis Torres Del Mendoza Collision De Commandoes Religious and Discubremiento Congrista Organization de los Antiquos Poseciones Spanioles in America-Acena (Madrid 1886) volume possessions V.p125. THE LETTER TO PHILIPPINES II DATE JULY 17, 1574 BLAIR AND REBESTION THE PHILIPPINES. VOL.111-p275. 56 ACCOUNT OF EXPEDITION TO BORNEO, JOLO and MINDANAO P. FRANCISCO DE SANDI AND OTHER MANILA APRIL 19, 1578 TO JUNE 10, 1579 ebbed. VOLUME IV p.241 AND p292. 57 ebbed p.229 AND pp.240-241.

5. DATU SALIKULA- A half brother of Dimasangkay also known as “GOGO”. Datu Salikula up to early 1579 becomes the LEADING CHIEF unfortunately Datu Dimasangkay died during the reigned of Datu Salikula.
According to the Tarsila, Datu Dimasangkay married to the Sulu princess with all his might and power. He was the Maguindanao chieftain in Jolo from 1585 to 1597.

6.KAPITAL LAUT BUISAN- A younger half brother of Datu Dimasangkay and Datu Salikula sometime called by the title “KATCHIL”. He ruled around 1597. He displaced Datu Salikula. He controlled his nephew- RAJAH MUDA son of Datu Dimasangkay become the Chieftain and his rule last up to 1619.

7. SULTAN QUDARAT- A son of Datu Buisan was known to the Spaniards as “CORRATAT” the son of Dutch, to writers as QUIRERAT in 1619.In 1621 there was war between BUAYAN and MAGUINDANAO. During this time Sultan Qudarat has been distorted by this war. Not long after there was a temporary transition. He appeared as exercising his political power over Buayan. Further more he must have consolidated his power after their noble attacked to Sarangani in 1625.He died about the end of 1671, having ruled for about half of Sarangani.
By 1645, He was early using the title SULTAN, A YOUNG
MAN. His great grand children called him Naser-Ud-Din.

8. SULTAN DUNDONG TEDURAY- He was the son of SULTAN QUDARAT. SULTAN DUNDONG TEDURAY died before His father ruled. It has been a very short time for him to rule. He was referred as SAIF-UD-DIN by His grand children.

9. SULTAN BART BARHAMAN (Arabic ABD.-RAHMAN) A son of TEDURAY, He was also known as MINSULU SA RAHMATULLAH. His son referred to Him as MOHAMMAD SHA also Sabat- Arabic-AL-MU-THABBAT. WILLIAM DAMPIER or ALMO-AL LASAB. BRAHAMAN to the Spanish, name of grand father QUDARAT was also use by Him. His reigned was heard as SULTAN in early 1678. This information reached to Dutch officials at Ternate on July 6, 1679.

10. SULTAN KHAHAR-UD-DIN-KUDA – A young brother of BRAHAMAN sometimes known as JAMAL-UL- AZAN. He also assumed the title of AMIR-UL-UMRA as well as the MAULANA. His reigned was contested by his two (2) nephews. The son of BARHAMAN advised him to be keen in selected of authority, with the guidance of the SULU SULTAN SHAHAB-UD-DIN who came over from Simuay. SULTAN KUDA held this in court on August 10, 1702.

11. SULTAN BAYAN UL-ANWAR – His other legal name JAFAR-UD-DIN which entitled Him to be named DIPATUAN, a life time legacy. On his death he was called MUPAT BATUA. In 1701 atmosphere becomes unpleasant, where he created plot against His Uncle SULTAN KHAHAR-UD-DIN “KUDA”. He succeeded the throne in 1707, held in SILANGAN that was after Sibugay events, appointment of the temporary SULTAN which was enthroned to SULTANA PUTRI TUAN BAI, the Auntie of SULTAN ESMAIL.
His younger brother JA-FAR-UD-DIN, the RAJAH MUDA revolted against Him, but He managed to keep the throne in 1936 ANWAR abdicated in favor of TAHIR-UD-DIN MALINOG no.13. He died around 1735.

12. SULTAN MOHAMMAD JAFAR SADIQ MANAMIR – Younger brother or SULTAN BAYAN UL-ANUAR sometimes referred to AMAR-UD-DIN as MAULANA, enjoyed his lifetime title. His death granted him to other named SHAHID MUPAT.
He contested the reigned of his other brother; he was forced to fly to TAMUNTAKA in 1710. Dutch official referred him as the young king to destiny, a heartfelt wished from SULTAN BAYAN AL ANUAR, by 1725. He gained the title PEDUKO SITTIE SULTAN, March 1733 he assumed the title PEDUKO SITTIE SULTAN. His power was recognized; he enjoyed the valor and fame from 1710 to1733.
His brother and nephew attacked his forced in TAMUNTAKA. His title and power cause his death. His brother SULTAN MANAMIR ruled over the in terror. He died on March 1733.

13. SULTAN MOHAMMAD TAHIR-UD-DIN, Son of SULTAN BAYAN UL-ANUAR. He was commonly known to Spanish as SITAH DIPATUAN MALINOG, He was also known as MOHAMMAD SHAH-AMIR-UD-DIN. In battle 1733, He killed his uncle JAFAR SALIQ MANAMIR, 1736. His father taught him the responsibilities of good government. His authority was contested by two of his cousins MANAMIR UD-DIN forcing him to retire to the interior. SULTAN BAYAN AL ANUAR around 1748.

14. SULTAN MOHAMMAD KHAHAR-UD-DIN, Son of SULTAN JAFAR SADIQ (SALIQ) MINAMIR and was better known EUROPIAN PAKER MAULANA. HAMSA (ARABIC PAKER MAULANA HAMZAH or AMIR-UD-DIN HAMZAH also used the name AZIM-UD-DIN. He assumed the title AMIR-UL-MU-MININ in 1733 after his father was slained. He begun to consider himself the heir to the throne, thus upon called himself RAJAH MUDA.

15. SULTAN PAHAR-UD-DIN, Younger brother of PAKER MAULANA HAMZAH known as DATU PONGLOK as he begun to exercise his power as SULTAN, around 1755 and on the later part CAPTAIN THOMAS FORRET paid a visit.

16. SULTAN KIBAD SAHARIYAL, His legal title was MOHAMMAD AZIM UD-DIN AMIR-UL-UMRAH, son of PAKER MAULANA HAMZAH, No.14 seen before the death of his uncle, SULTAN he was already being addressed by friends towards the Spanish, He had a wise internal peaceful relation with them from 1788 to 1794 but prior to this year he has his government from 1780 to 1805.

17. SULTAN KAWASA ANUAR-UD-DIN, son of SULTAN KIBAD SAHARIYAL, and like his father AMIR-UL-UMRAH entered into a peace treaty with Spaniards in 1805 one of the seal carried 167,1719 XIX terminate P.D.1375-377 amt. INDIL the gained his original title of ISKANDAR JURKARNAIN in the year 1805to 1830.

18. SULTAN ISKANDAR QUDARATULLAH, MOHAMMAD JAMAL AL –AZAM –popularly known as Sultan Untong .He is the Great Grand son of KIBAD SAHARIYAL, nephew of SULTAN KAWASA 1853-1854 No.17, some of Spanish document carry his name Iskandar Qudarat, Pahar Ud-Din. In 1837-1845, In those years he had a friendly treaty with the Spaniards. He died either in the year 1853 or 1854.

19. SULTAN MOHAMMAD MAKAKUA- son of AMIR-UL UMRAH “INTERINO”. SULTAN KAWASA ANUAR-UD-DIN “Kulano”. His reigned during settlement of Maguindanao from 1854-1884. He died in Nuling in the site of the Old man.

20. SULTAN MOHAMMAD JALAL-UD-DIN “PABLO” also known as SULTAN WATA. He was the son of SULTAN MAKAKUA of Banubo just opposite town of Cotabato, across the Pulangi River. His death took place in 1886.

21. SULTAN MANGIGUIN-He was the grand son of former DATU DAKULA OF SIBUGAY, Who was the grand son of KIBAD SAHARIYAL NO.16. He started his rule in 1886, on 1886-1896. The Sultanate was vacant, but the aunt of SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL was appointed as the temporary Sultana at that time. SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL was still a young boy incapable to handle responsibilities. This made the appointment of SULTANA PUTRI TUANBAI-Sibugay. DATU MAMAKU son of SULTAN UNTONG become the Sultan. Around 1900 some Spaniards pay a courtesy visit to one of Sibugay Datus for official trip .SULTAN MANGIGUIN transferred his residence from Cotabato-Sibugay in 1906. He married RAJAH PUTRI, the widow of DATU UTTO sister of DATU MAKAKUA.

22. SULTAN MOHAMMAD “TATO”ESMAIL- son of WATA MAMA CALOG SA MAGUINDANAO and BAITABAY. His parents were first cousins. SULTAN MANGIGUIN, choose his nephew to become the next Sultan, at that time SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL was only 7yrs. old. His youthful age was not a hindrance to gain a seat of reservation for the throne of sultanate on at the age of 35; he was proclaimed THE SULTAN OF MAGUINDANAO.

GENERAL WOOD OF WASHINGTON D.C. Made a report that SULTAN MANGIGUIN had made his final recommendation for the next Sultanate which was reserved SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL, who at that time was a young boy; base on the criteria that governed on succession of descendants. This report of GENERAL WOOD was submitted to the office of THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON D.C. IN 1886-1888.

SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL, one of the brave fighters during the Japanese War, attacked in Mindanao in 1941-1942. In 1943 The American Army, send a message looking forward for the Sultan of Mindanao a citation for being a brave soldier, who stands for American Flag in the midst of the war between the Japanese. CAPTAIN MICARTE was in his side in MALANGAS FIRING LINE. It was him CAPTAIN MICARTE who made a moved to look for Sultan Mohammad Esmail assisted by the group of American. This American volunteer reached BONGO ISLAND in 1943. They were able to find SULTAN MOHAMMAD ESMAIL to PARANG in the same year. In 1944, COLONEL SUAREZ and MR. CODIER visited the Sultan who was in TARAKAN, DINAS ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR. He called for training in military at that time.

Their residence in TARAKAN, DINAS ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR was his official seat of his throne as SULTAN. Some American Generals and Officials pay visit to the Sultan’s residence. He died on September 3, 1991 at the age of 115 (IKA-SAPULO NA DULOM, SA ULAN-ULAN NA SAFAR).

“TARSILA KANO MAGULALING”

MAGUINDANAO TAMAN SA SIBUGAY, SULOG IKINAISA NIN SIA KANO BANGSA NILAN

Ya paganay a na Datu sa Magulaling na so Dungklang babai no Dungklang so payak. Pingaluma no Mupat Batua so payak. Mimbata silan na ( 3 ) :
1. “Malinog” yabon Mupatsidiq
2. Bahni- Tubu-Tubu
3. Emmar Mayla

So Dungklang wata no Abad yabon “Mindig”:
· Mimbata na so Noni yabon “Zainal Abi-Din”
· Mimbata na so Zainal Abi-Din na so Shariful Wali-Ullaho-Hama-Dud-Din
· Mimbata na so Sharif-Ullaho na so Hamid-Ud-Din
· Mimbata na so Hamid-Ud-Din na so Diya-Ud-Din
· Mimbata na so Diya-Ud-Din na so Manamir-Ud-Din
· Mimbata na so Manamir-Ud-Din na so Anuar-Ud-Din (Sultan Kawasa)
· Mimbata na so Anuar-Ud-Din na so Umbak Sira Jud-Din yabon “Mauyag”.Yanin pugi na Amirul-Umra Sira Jud-Din Atawa “Tibpod. Lusod nin sa tiyan ina/ama so Tawada atawka “babayada”.
· Mimbata na so Umbak na so Kibad Khahar-Ud-Din “Binito”
· Mimbata na so Kibad Khahar-Ud-Din na so Alimod-Din Allaho Fahar-Ud-Din entobay “Interino”. (Amirul Umrah sa Maguindanao)
· Mimbata so Ali-Mod-Din “Interino” na so Ansari-Alam Jalal-Ud-Din “Panansaran”
· Mimbata so Ansari-Alam Jalal Ud-Din “Panansaran” na so Daga atawa Raga, Simang, Tabong, Binito.

“TUPO NO MALANG
Datu wa lukes sa Malang a Mragat, kaka ni Amir-Ud-Din ando si Gumarok.

“TUPO NO MIDTID SA INGED”
Midtid sa inged a Parti, ya nauna na. Datu sa Magulaling Balabagan pinangaluma nin so “Babai no Diyog”. Mimbata na silan na sila:
1. Panayaman
2. Bangondidi “Midted sa Inged”
3. Bulontay “Ina ni Minta”
4. Dimanda “Datu Manguda”
5. Atik- ina no Sultan Pablue

Nangaluma so Sultan Diya-Ud-Din na so wata Mupat Hidayat, mimbata silan na so Manamir-ud-Din.

Nangaluma so Manamir-Ud-Din, wata no Amman Bayalabi a nadsaupan na Tindig go mupat Sharif ando Tindig go Mupat-Sidiq, mimbata na so “Dido” – ina no Kulano-Anur-Ud-Din.

Nangaluma so Kulano wata no Malang so Adi, mimbata silan na so Umbak Sira Jud-Ud-Din, mimbata so Umbak na so Kibad Khahar-Ud-Din na so Alimod-Din Allaho Fahar-Ud-Din (Interino), mimbata so Alimod-Din na so Ansari Jalal-Ud-Din.
1. Daga atawa “Raga”
2. Simlang
3. Binito

Amirul-Umrah “Intirino” – Ama no Sultan Kawasa “Lusod sa tiyan no Sultan Kawasa sa Maguindanao”
“Sultan Makakua” Ansari – Alam-Jalal-Ud-Din
Bai a wata- Pidtairan sa Maguindanao
Datu Masla- Edris
Marajalaila- Ama ni Pukandang
Tintiaw

Pinangaluma no Sultan Makakua so Atik wata no Midtid sa Inged da porte, mimbata silan na so Sultan Pablue sa Maguindanao:

Mimbata so Sultan sa Maguindanao na so:
Putri-Tuan Bai, mimbata so Putri Tuan Bain a so Bai a Padido.

Wata no Datu Masla-Edris so:
Wata Mama-Calog
Napangaluma no Tibpod so Bai a wata no Pidtairan sa Maguindanao ( Balo ) mimbata silan na so:
Laga
Bagutao
Tabay

“TUPO NO WATA “MAMA” CALOG

Wata no (Amir-ul Umrah sa Maguindanao) Alimod-din Allaho Fahar-Ud-Din “INTERINO”
1.) Ansari-Alam Jalal-Ud-Din “Sultan Makakua”
2.) Edris”Datu Masla sa Maguindanao”
3.) Pidtairan “Bai a wata sa Maguindanao”
4.) Marajalaila “Ama ni Pukandang”
5.) Tintiaw

Wata no Anuar-Ud-Din “kulano” so Umbak Sira Jud-Din Yabon Tibpod “Maliyag” Pinangaluma nin so Pidtairan “Bai a wata sa Maguindanao” mimbata silan na so:
1.) Laga
2.) Bagotao
3.) Tabay

Tupo no wata no “Amirul Interino” Alimod-Din Allaho Fahar-Ud-Din so Edris “Datu Masla sa Maguindanao” A wata nin so wata “mama” Calog sa Maguindanao enggo so Pidtairan “Bai a wata sa Maguindanao” a pinangalumano Umbak sira Jud-Din. A wata nilan so Baitambay a pinangaluma no wata “mama” Calog.

So Pindada e nauna sa walay a kaluma no wata “mama” Calog sa Maguindanao.
Mga wata no wata “mama’ Calog kano Pindada:
1.) Datu Mangada (Ina nin so Dair)
2.) Datu Tangko
3.) Datu Akya/Aquia
4.) Bai Salilang

Ya tumondog sa walay a kaluma (2nd wife) no wata “mama” Calog na so Bitambay. A wata no Umbak sira Jud-Din Yabon Tibpod “Mauyag” enggo Pidtairan “Bai a wata sa Maguindanao” (Tinged silan Minsan)

Mga wata “mama”Calog ando so Baitambay na so:
1.) Datu Mohammad Tato” Esmael (22nd Sultan sa Maguindanao)
2.) Bai sa Pinanpanan
3.) Datu Damding
4.) “Datu Padido” Datu Indal Patra

TUPO NO MOHAMMAD “TATO” ESMAEL
22ND SULTAN OF MAGUINDANAO

Mga kaluma no Sultan Mohammad “Tato” Esmael
· Bai Idang Maulana (deceased)
· Bai Fatima Buday “Bukakang” Bilok (deceased)
· Bai Aga “Padido” Manupac (deceased)
· Bai Langkasia (deceased)
· Bai Babai Andi (deceased)
· Bai Aga Datang (alive)

Mga wata no Sultan Mohammad “tato” Esmael
· Wata nin kani Bai Idang Maulana :
1.) Datu Zul Carnan
2.) Datu Caragdag

· Wata nin kani Bai Fatima Buday “Bukakang”:
1.) Datu Quezon(Mungangen) a wata Mohammad Alibasa (sultan sa Zamboanga Del Sur)
2.) Bai Puti “Bai Amirah”
3.) Bai Maitum “Shaidatun Nisa”

· Wata nin kani Bai Aga (Padido) a wata no (Prinsipe) Mamubpon
1.) Datu Mutinting “Luminog”
2.) Bai Medzecan “H. Basma”
3.) Datu Sulmanor Paris

· Wata nin kani Bai Langkasia
1.) Datu Azcuna “Amir Bangsa”

· Wata nin kani Bai Babai Andi
1.) Bai Victoria “Hamsia”

· Wata nin kani Bai Aga ( His last Wife)
1.) H. Salma Hadija Arena “kinang”
2.) Datu Hasangabra “Bobby/Embaya”
3.) Bai Sarshia “Alicia”
4.) Datu Mohammad Nhor Hasim
5.) Datu Zacaria “Cesar”
6.) Bai Badria “Bella”

Reference:
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Saturday, February 21, 2009

Saturday, November 27, 2010

IRANUN THE OLDEST EXISTING NATIONS OF THE WORLD

Iranun by origin was one of the oldest existing nations of the world. It was the nationality of the people of the Uranen Kingdom of the ancient past. It was dismantled and distroyed by colonization. Thus it becomes a mother of all moro tribes in the Philippines including Tiduray, Subanen, Kalagan, Blaan, Manobo, and other highlander tribes. Iranun occupies and inhabited the coastal areas which stretched from Tagalook Bay to Sibugay Bay (Moro Gulf of the Modern time). Thus Iranun means people of the sea coast. Some called people of the sea. Shariff Kabunsuan married Princess Angintabu, an Iranun Princess.

Read more: 
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_13_tribes_Muslim_in_Mindanao

What is Iranun?


Iranun as a word/term is composed two words which were joined together to formed a word with distinct interpretation and description. The word/term IRA means remains, residue, or silt. These word/term may refer to a place or area which was formed out of a long process evolved from remains or residual process that caused a formation of a place. NUN means people with distinct culture, laws, belief, tradition, of residual and remains process. It implies all places predominantly inhabited by the Iranun was a water millions of years ago which gradually becomes a land/soil through residual process. Thus, the territory of the Uranen Kingdom was a water which gradually becomes a soil for the people to estabilsh their comunity. Out of this concept, it is hereby described that Iranun is a group of people who were belonged to the ancient or prehistoric period of civilization which lived and occupied a certain territory (water in origin) which was formed through a residual or remains (silt) process thousands of years ago with organized socio-political structure with distinct culture, belief, custom and tradition. Thus Iranun is a nation not a tribe.

SUMMARY

Iranun is not a tribe of any nation of the world. It is a nation with defined territory and sphere of influenced, political structure/system, socio-economic, educational system, culture, belief and tradition, and other aspects. It was one of the ancient civilized nations in the world. Its existence and civilization is contemporary with Sri Vishaya and Madjapahit Empires. It was a nation sprang from a Karingke-Karibang line of descent. Karibang and Kareingke were analogous with aetas of Luzon. During the Fall of Sri Vishaya Empire many of the people either family or political group migrated going north until such time that they reached and landed in the present Iranun Bay (Illana Bay), the center of the primitive people/ native inhabitants. This group of migrants was identified in the tarsila as Taw sa Guiwa ( English version people of Java). They entered into a social relationship with the Karingke-Karibang people. Intermerriages were established between the natives and the Javans. Out of this social process Iranun as a nation sprang. They established their political system KINGDOMSHIP patterned from Sri Vishaya Political System. The first ruler was Rajah Urannguwan. This system of government (Kingdomship) last until reign of Rajah Raut Buisan, the father of Sultan Kudarat.

This nation was destroyed and ruined by colonization. The colonizers like Spain and United States made a conquest and invasion to expand their territory and sovereignty and introduced their respective system and way of life. They used force and political strategies to destroy and dominate the natives. The colonization of the western nations fragmented and divide the Iranun nation into tribe. Unlike other foreign nations like China, India, and Arabs. They came not for conquest and invasion but for trade, commerce, education, and religion(spiritual) aspects. They helped the natives. The civilization of the natives was improved and strengthened due to the socio-political relationships with China,India and Arab.

The name of the state was Uranen Kingdom, its people was Iranun. The ancient Uranen state is the Mindanao of the present time. The terrotiry of the Kingdom stretched from Sibugay Peninsula to Tagalook Gulf with all in-lands areas, except Agusan and Surigao provinces. Its sphere of influenced reached as far as the present areas of Zamboanga and Misamis Provinces. The seat of government and center of civilization was in Tbok now a barangay of Malabang, Lanao sel Sur. Therefore the civilization in the Island started from the coastal area of the Iranun Bay (Illana Bay). Iranun tarsila named, called, and identified it as Biwang-Kawanan Tinday A Batal O Pagilidan (literarily translated as Left and Right Huge Coastal Principalities), in political interpretation say traditional name is translated as Kingdom of the Sea Coast, which refer to Uranen Kingdom, the official name.


References:

WikiAnswers
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_traditions_of_the_iranun_tribes
Nov 24, '08 11:51 AM/ Category: Other
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Iranun in the Height of the Divide-and-Rule Technique


After the death of Sultan Mohammad Dipatuan Kudarat Kabunsuan Urangguwan, the Divide-and-Rule Technique was applied by the colonizers (Spaniards and Dutch). Sultan Tahiruddin Malinog was supported by the Dutch. On the other side, Sultan Manamir was supported by the Spaniards for supremacy. Rivalry in the succession issue was the gate to divide the native Iranuns. The whole Sultanate was divided into two groups (Malinog group and Manamir group). This was the beginning of the subdivisioon of the native inhabitants. This also leads to some corrupt use words, and colonial terms although native but it implied destructions. Here are some examples of corrupt use of terms and words: Luzon (Liusong), Panay (Aninipay), Visayas (Vishaya), Tagalog (Taga- ilog), Illana (Iranun), Zambonga (Samboangan), Lanao (Ranaw), and many others.

Iranun During American Regime

It was described that more than three centuries, the native Iranun fought for defense. They were not not conquered until the time of signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898 which ended the Spanish-American War for Supremacy. The Royal Government of Spain ceded all the controlled territories and exercised its power and authority to United States of America.The present Mindanaw, Palawan, and Sulu were not included in the Treaty because they were not conquered.

The Americans amplified and use the same technique (Divide-and-Rule). They only improved and strengthened the technique used by the Spaniards. hey used words which connotes places in order to deceive the native. With due respect to some historians, Maguindanao as a name of a place which connotes a traditional name which is implying sovereignty is not correct. It is used and amplified by the Americans to destroy the original place which implies sovereignty the SLANGAN DA MARIMBANG which means Slangan the original and has no equal.

Cotabato, Lanao, Zamboanga, Davao are all colonial term used, applied and amplified by the colonizers (Americans) to destroy the tradition of the native. The original was Slangan, Ranaw, Samboangan, Tagalook respectively.

Effect of Colonization

The most destructive effect of the colonization to the Iranun and Uranen as a nation and state respectively was deception to the next generation. Spanish writers and historians (Pigafetta) wrote a wrong information and data. He described the native inhabitants whom Magellan met as Moores (a nation whom they encountered in war in Africa). This people has the same quality and ability in combat with the native inhabitants of the Island. Thus Pigaffeta baptized the Iranuns as Moores. Later the term Moores was corruptly used by other writers- the present form Moro. The usage of the term Moro to refer the native inhabitants in the Island was amplified by the American writers. Thus the original nation and state - Iranun and Uranen respectively were forgotten in the annal of history of the Island.

The colonization has contributed much to the introduction of western culture, belief, customs, practices, and others aspects of life which were harmful and destructive to the culture, tradition, belief, practices of the Iranun as a native inhabitants. The political system was introduced which caused to the gradual modification of the political system of the natives. The socio-political system of the Iranun was totally destroyed suring the American regime. The Americans organized the Moro province for the purpose of total elimination of the residues and remains of the past civilization enjoyed by the native inhabitants from the ancient Uranen Kingdom down to Uranen Sultanate led by His Majesty Sultan Mohammad Dipatuan Kudarat Kabunsuan Urangguwan. Thus introduction of Cotabato, Lanao, Davao, Zamboanga, and Sulu was a strategy of the colonizer to eliminate the truth. Cotabato, Lanao, Davao, Zamboanga, and Sulu were native in connotation but colonization by intention.

Many terms and words which were corruptly introduced and used for colonization purposes. The examples of these words are: Dagiangas, later it becomes Dagiangas later on it was changed to General Santos. Tacudong it was modified to Tacurong, Kutawato, later on it was modified to Cotabato. Lupah Suog, later on it was modofied to Sulu, Aninipay, later on it was modified to Panay. Irong-irong, later on it was modified to Iloilo. Antik, later on it was modofied to Antique. Tukudan, later on it was modified to Tucuran, Pangagian, later on it was modified to Pagadian. Marges aig, laterlater on it was modified Margosatubig, Kumaladang, later on it was modified to Kumalarang. Padampadang, later on it was modified to Parang and many others. All of these are colonization srategy.

The foremost effect of the colonization to the Iranun natives was the so called colonial mentality. The mental or intellectual skill of the native becomes dependent and submissive to the western and americans. The Iranun natives become nothing and mentally slave of the foreign education. Therefore, conquest and colonization were the root caused of the problem in the Island (Palawan, Sulu, and Mindanao: Pandawan, Lupah Suog, Uranen of the ancient past respectively). Therefore the colonization wiped out everything.


References:

WikiAnswers
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_traditions_of_the_iranun_tribes
Nov 24, '08 11:51 AM/ Category: Other
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IRANUN DURING SPANIAH INVASION


The first recorded Spanish invasion in the Mindanao (Uranen) was on 1596. This was led by Capt. Figueroa. Figueroa was killed during the fight. The gesture and action of the Spaniards was considered by the native Iranuns as aggression and and invasion. The Council of Elders unanimously agreed to adopt a technique for effective defense against the Spaniards. The top executives namely Rajah Raut Buisan, Rajah, Sirungan, and Rajah Tagal suggested to the Council to launch a counter offensive. The proposal was approved. They attacked Visayas islands, Mindoro, Bicolandia, and Southern Tagalog. The counter offensive of the natives was misconceptualized by the Spanish and Filipino historians. They described it as piratic activity. This is not true and uncorrect. The natives had just adopt an effective technique for defense purposes. They only defended their sovereign state and nation against foreign invasion. he counter attacked were launched in 1599, 1600, and 1602.

Change of System From Kingdomship to Sultanate

Meanwhile, in the year 1617, Kingdomship was officially changed to Sultanate System. The first ruler of the new system was Kudarat, the son of Rajah Raut Buisan. His renal name was His Majesty Sultan Mohammad Dipatuan Kabunsuan Urangguwan. He established his seat of government at Ramitan (now a barangay of Sultan Gumander, Lanao del Sur).

Invasion Continued

On March 13, 1637 (Zaide), Governor Corcuera invaded Ramitan. The native inhabitants fearlessly defended their territory against the Superpower Spain. The Sultan retreated in the inner portion of Ramitan. He moved to Dapaw Lake for a week. The Council of Elders agreed to the proposal of the Sultan to transfer his Court (capital) at Magulaling, Balabagan, Lanao del Sur. In this seat of government, the Sultan was able to expand his sovereign powers and authority. The villages and communities within the Crab Gulf (Moro Gulf) and the inner parts of the Island, except Surigao and Agusan. He established socio-political alliances with the local (kampong) leaders and foreign nations like Brunie Darussalam, Java, Makassar, Sumatra, Lahore (Johor), Singapore, China, and India. He was able to mobilize all sectors of the Uranen Sultanate.

References:

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IRANUN DURING SULTANATE SYSTEM

It was presented in the preceding paragraphs that the two identified Shariffs (Aulia and Kabunsuan) intermarraige with the Iranun Rajah families ( Rajah Urangguwan and Rajah Makaapen respectively). Out of this social relationship, the new socio-political practices was merged and developed. The offspring of Shariff Aulia-Princess Pagunguwan was intermarriage in the later decades with the offspring of Shariff Kabunsuan-Princess Angintabu. Out of this mixed and interwaved bloodline of descent sprang a royalty lineage of decendant. Sultan Kudarat, the first native ruler used Sultan as a royal political title and authority eas of Iranun-Shariff line of descent with a blood sprang from the Karibang-Karingke line of descen. Out of these facts, it is safe to say that the first Sultan of the native breed from the Iranun-Shariff line belonged to the Uranen Kingdom which exercised its sovereign authority and power over the Crab Gulf (Moro Gulf) with concentration in the Iranun Bay. Thus Rajah Urangguwan of the ancient past (prehistory) and Sultan Kudarat of the Shariff period (Sultanate System)were the fathers of the royal line of descent among the native inhabitants. Out of these facts all claimants of royalty line of descent are all descended from Iranun-Shariff marriage affinal ties

Sultan Kudarat realm was a continuation of the ancient political system spearheaded by Rajah Urangguwan. The seat of the former government was in Ramitan (Lamitan in the Filipino authors). It is one of the barangays of the municipality of Sultan Gumander, Lanao del Sur in the present geographical political division. Ramitan was the first seat of government led by Sultan Kudarat. The seat of government of the latter was in Tbok. Tbok is one of the barangays of the municipality of Malabang, Lanao del Sur in the present geographical political division. It is interesting to note that the two capitals (seat of governments) are neigbors. Sultan Gumander and Malabang are only separated by Picong River and both situated and located along the sea coast of the Iranun Bay of the Crab Gulf ( LayaganGulf).

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IRANUN IN THE SHARIEF'S PERIOD


Uranen Kingdom was the first kingdom ever had in the ancient period (prehistory). It was the mother of all kingdoms established after decades or centuries. Shariff Aulia was the first arab muslim with missionary works who stepped-foot and landed in the Uranen Kingdom (Tbok was the seat of government). He married the native princess named Bai Pagunguwan (Iranun tradition identified her as Bai sa Pandan). Out of their wedlock, they begot the four rajahs (Makaapen, Dungklang, Maraguia, and Budtol). The introduction of the belief brought into the Kingdom through Shariff Aulia was the first stage of the Iranun civilization recorded in history. The old belief was gradually changed to what is present belief of the Muslims in the world. The system of government, socio-economic, trade and industry and other walks of life were improved and strengthened. The primitive system of government was changed to more structurized system. The Caliphate was introduced described as Sultanate System.

Iranun tarsila say that Makaapen married Lingayen, a daughter of the property custodian of Rajah Urangguwan begot Princess Angintabu. The Princess was married by Shariff Kabunsuan (1475). Out of their wedlock, they begot Saripada Makaalang. Saripada Makaalang married his first cousin name Princess Pidsarawdan, a daughter of Rajah Dungklang, begot Saripada Bankaya. Saripada Bankaya married a lady of Lupah Suog named Princess Sri Pangyan Mampay Laila begot Saripada Raut (laut in some version) Buisan begot Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat, the strongest and has a longest term of realm among the Iranun sultans. It is interesting to note that the term saripada was used as prefix three times before the given names: Makaalang, Bankaya, and Raut. The term has a Malayan origin probably a term existing and used during the two big empires (Sri Vishaya and Madjapahit). It connotes ruler or nobility. Thus it was a royalty title used during the ancient period of political structure which is equivalent to Sultan (Surutan in Iranun version).

The introduction of sultanate system gradually changed the rajahship (primitive system patterned from ancient (prehistory system of government) to more advanced political system. Iranun as a people with distinct nationality entered into a neolistic civilization called Shariff Period. The Iranun accepted the Ideology introduced by the Shariffs.


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IRANUN TERRITORIAL DEFENCE


Territorial Defense

The ancient Iranun were good defenders of their territory and freedom. They consider any individual or group who do not signifying its interest to enter the Iranun territory (both sea and land) as enemy. Coordination (Pagtaw) was very important to them. To them (Iranun) when you enter the territory of the other sovereign without coordination was considered sin and unlawful. The invasion and other marine activity of the Spaniards and its allied forces/group/tribe were considered unlawful. Out of this concept, Iranun warriors were forced to drive out through drastic action (by force) all groups or individuals who attempt to enter their territory without prior notice of friendship. Their defense tactics and mechanisms were misconceptualized and misunderstood by filipino and western authors. Filipino and foreign writers described Iranun as pirates. They were not pirates. They only defend their territories against invasion of foreigners.

 
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IRANUN LANGUAGE, WRITING, ARTS, SCIENCE AND MATH


Language

The ancient language of the Iranun was originated from the Malayo-Polynesian Language of the Pacifics. In course of time most of the original language of the Iranun were modified due influence of other language. The original language used in the Darangan was an Iranun language. The original language had been modified due to: conquest, intermarriage with foreign nation, adoption, and duplication. Out these factors the present language evolved. The present Iranun language is generally accepted as medium of communication in Mindanaw except Lupah Suog. The present Muslim can understand Iranun. Thus Iranun is the mother language of the Muslims in Mindanao.

Writing

The ancient alphabets of the Iranun were patterned in India. The system of writing was one of the good achievements of the Iranun during its foreign contacts with the Indian people. Although it was primitive, the Iranun have their own system of writing. This system of writing was influenced and gradually changed to the present system patterned from the arabs. They called it kirim. The kirim was looked like sometimes a bird, a tree, a roof, and cloud-shape.

Arts

The ancient Iranun has its own arts. The most popular one until the present time is the ukir ( engraving naga). The ukir is used almost furnitures and fixtures of the Iranun including houses. The bawor (cabenit or apparador now a days) has an ukir differrent forms and patterned. Sarimanok is another type of ukir during the ancient Iranun which was passed generation to generation. Most of the museums and libraries now a days have these arts displayed.

Science and Math

The ancient Iranun were good scientists of their time. They were astronomers. They name heavenly bodies as: makabangis, sulo a mangangayaw, manok, madakel, laya. They arranged the twelve months (12) to 30 days and 29 days. Therefore there are three hundred fifty four (354) day in one year (common year) and three hundred fifty five (355) leaf year. They divided one month into two groups: Sbang and delem. They used heavenly bodies as compass. They can determine west, east, south, north by the used of the heavenly bodies at night. Their knowledge in astronomy and navigation was older than the knowledge of the western people (Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch and others). There were eight (8) tahons, five (5) kutika, and eight (8) bintang. All these are instruments of the ancient Iranun in compution. Even they were in the mid of the forest, they can calculate low or high tide through this knowledge in science. In Mathematics/arithmetic, gibo (thousand), laksa (one hundred thousand), pandang (million of thousasands).

They had also a system of counting. They used riray system. Some of the mathematical terminology were: laksa, salaksa, laksalaksa, yuta, sayuta,sayutayuta. All these were few among their mathematical terminologies. Arabic numerals and system of counting including mathematical nomenclature were introduced and adopted during the Shariffs period. Thus a modification was observed.
 
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PROPERTIES AND INHERITANCE, LAWS AND RELIGION


Properties and Inheritance

The whole sovereign (integral territory) of each village (kampong) belonged to the Datu. The property would be inherited by the legitimate heir(s) including rulership. The kadakilan(commoner) can possessed properties subject to bues (tax in the modern time). The uripin (slave) cannot possessed properties because themselves were the property of the datu. The property(s) of the kadakilan (commoner) would be inherited by their heirs.

Laws

The ancient Iranun used customary laws. Usually the council of elders were the drafter of the customary laws. The draft was presented in the followers during fiest days. In ancient Aninipay the Code of Kalantiaw was formulate and odopted. In the ancient Iranun radawan (Code of Models) was formulated. The Radawan defined and described socio-political, family relations, religious/spiritual, and others which would be observed and followed. There were process involved in the implementation of laws especially in court: baina, amad, karina, matakapala (clarity, justification, suspect and testified respectively).

Religion

The religion of the ancient Iranun was greatly influenced by the state religion of Sri Vishaya and Madjapahit Empires. The arrival of Shariff Aulia gave a significant effect to the religion. Sufism as a belief was introduced. Thus they became a Muslim-Sufie.

Superstitious Belief

The ancient Iranun had many supertitious beliefs. The examples were: eclipse, black butterfly, snakes enters the house and others. There were about hundreds of supertitious beliefs of the Iranun. Tunung was identified to be a powerful spirit.


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IRANUN CULTURES AND TRADITIONS


Literature

Ancient Iranun was identical with that of the Darangan Period. Some Iranun geneanologists say that Darangan Period was one of the periods of the ancient Iranun. The hero of the Darangan was Rajah Bantugen. The seat of the government was in Benbaran (situated in the north west of Bukidnon) near Wao. It was a name of a civilization of people during ancient time. The civilization was more on mystic and rituals activities. The Darangan was composed of decades with different episodes. It described most the characteritics of the Iranun as people. The true meaning of love and wisdom, leadership, livelihood (economics and industry) socio-political, humanity and other good quality and characteristics were described in the episodes of Darangen. Iranun oral tradition say that Darangan as a civilization was composed of six (6) federal states which Bembaran was the capital. These federal states were: Da Madiar a Linog, Sawlaya A Salg, Daguwatan sa Oray, Pindulunan sa Ragat, Sadurog ko Marandang, and Bembran. Their rulers were Batara Mangadka, Batara Mapalala Makaug, Batara Bakuludan sa Waki, Batara Lumuday sa Barat, Batara Tundugen, Batara Rinawraw Tubpaan, and Batara Bantugen respectively. The cabinets were: Daranda, Mabaning, and Lumbatan. The adore and beloved princess was Princess Lawanen.

Iranun has many bayoks. Usually the oldfolks/elders during those times were using bayok in their communication. Examples of these bayoks are: Biwang Kawanan Tinday o Pagilidan Pipandaraan, Iranun Pipparasan, Ranaw Gilanggumilang, Maguindanao rawaten, Slangan da marimbang which connotes nobility and maharlika. Others like: Pidzan pagzir so ganding na so kapanganonen bo na maliwanag den sa dar which means hospitability and courteousness. Benar e rinaw so ragat na sisirungen a barat so karante o alongan which means problems and sorrows.

The principal village ( principality) was Benbaran, the capital of the Darangan civilization, wherein the Turugan (royal house) was established. Turugan was the official residence and court of the Ayunan Pangadapen O Inayunan O Kampong sa Ilian a Benbaran ( Official Royal Court of the Most Respected and Honored Leader of Benbaran), His Majesty Ayunan Pangadapen Pasandalan A Murog, the great ruler. All important matters either personal or non personal business transactions were done in the Turugan. Other villages (principalities) were Bugabong A Kumara, the village of Her Majesty Paramata Gandingan. Bugabong A Kumara was civilized as Benbaran. Iranun experts in Darangan say that Benbaran and Bugabong A Kumara were equal and parallell. Sarbaka Kilaten, Gamaniyog were states of Bugabong a Kumara.

Music, Musical Instrument and Plays

Darangen as a song was the most popular name or title of a song during the Darangan Period. Darangen as a title of a song described the entire civilization. Man and woman knew very well to perform/sing darangen. Darangen as a song was usually sang at night. Bayok was another name of a song which usually performed by two or three performers. The Mranaw sometimes called Kambayoka. The performers were called Unur. Mamayog was another name of a song, performed by one gentleman and one lady. The mamayog described the loyalty and courteousness of a husband to his wife during the ancient Iranun (Darangen Period). Some Iranun folks identified another song entitled Darangen a Babay (Most Beloved and Adored Lady) was commonly sang/ performed in the Slangan Principality. Princess Tinabon was the star who was being described in the song.

The kulintang, agong, gandingan, pamindira, and dibakan were usually and commonly used as musical instrument. It was called in the Iranun as Lima A mamagenesupa (Lima Ka Daragia in Ranaw). This musical instruments were usually used during fiest day or durangna (wedding ceremony). During the ancient time, Lima Ka Mamagenesupa was used also during rituals. Kutyapi (Kudyapi in some version), palendag, suling, kubing were among the musical instruments during the ancient time in the Iranun civilization. Generally, all the person who reach the maturity stage of human development knew to use and play these instruments. Sagayan was a stage play which usually performed by young man describing the skill and bravery of the Iranun warriors. The sagayan was usually performed during rituals. Sagayan was usually performed by two young men. Minors can do it. In some Iranun wedding fiest/ceremony, sagayan was being performed in the kakuyog sa damak (damak is a cooked sweet foods deliver to the house of the bride from groom house) and in the procession ( kuyog) of the groom. It was usually put ahead of the parade. Sagayan during wedding ceremony is accompanied by an unta (it is look like a camel played and manipulated by a youngman to move). Kulintang (Lima A Mamagenesupa) was being play as a music of the procession. Sinulog was a kulintang tune usually used as a music in the procession.

Wedding Fiesta/Ceremony

During the ancient Iranun, wedding fiest/ceremony was a long process. Parental system was the usual practice. Iranun usually practice maharlika system. The man who was belonged to the ruling family of the village marries the daughter of the ruling family of other village (Prince is for Princess Principle).

Iranun wedding process undergoes four stages. These stages were: panunuriman (observation), pangingidong (Whispering) from the kakamaman side (groom side), sarangguni (actual negotiation of the two parties facilitiated by other group, usually the Council of Elders of the bride family), and gurangna (wedding ceremony). In some cases, sarangguni and gurangna were fused into one. It depends on the negotiation.

During the ancient Iranun, dowry (sunggodan/btang/btad sa adat) was term of material not money, for example: land/lot, bulawan (gold), and other valuable materials (animals). In some cases uripin (slaves were accepted as dowry or even the entire sovereign of the groom father served as dowry in case of a single child). After signing of contract between the two parties, the groom was granted to court and talked/'invite the bride to ocassion with one chaperon. The groom was granted to sleep in the house of the bride. Wedding ceremony among maharlika (ruling family) was full of decors (pandara). There were activity (siapa sa manggis, kulintang contest, and other wedding activities were observed) to give honor and respect to the royal wedding.

The common class (kadakelan) used only sambulayang with no flag and pamanay. The uripin has no wedding ceremony. The ruling family used the complete set of pandara (pasandalan, sambulayang with flag at the top of the pole, ubor-ubor, and pamanay). Usually bright colors were used (red,green and yellow). Among the ancient Iranun red means bravery, green means sovereign, and yellow means ruling family. These colors were only used and attributed to the ruling family.

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GOVERNMENT AND SUCCESSION OF AUTHORITY


The government of the ancient (prehistory) Iranun was simple but effective. They (rulers) had one hundred pre cent control over their sovereign. Each engged (community) had its ruler. They were exercising the Obsolute Monarchial System. Usually, patriarchal line or type adopted as a procedure of succession. After the father death or resignation, the son automatically replaces and sits the throne. In some cases, the daughter replaces the father in the throne. The system was family succession. The ruler was assisted by mantris (cabinets in the modern times). The legislation was vested in the Council of Elders ( in the mainland the luwaran or radawan in some version was the example, and Ruma Bitchara in the Lupa Soog). Thus the government was monarchy and the succession of authority was hereditary.

Relationship With other Villages

The ancient political relations among Iranun villages and principalities was confederation. Each Iranun village was independent to each other. However they were confederated. There was no central government. However, their socio-political relationship was very strong. They had established the so called allied warriors for defense purposes against any foreign attempts and invasion.

Original Establishment and Location of Iranun Villages

The ancient Iranun erstablished their vilages and communities along the seacoast of the Iranun Bay in the Moro Gulf (Crab Gulf). In some instances, the ancient Iranun lived along river banks. These villages expanded in the course of time. Until whitemen came for invasion and colonization. The villages of the ancient Iranun served at the same time as kuta. The turugan has a biruar (tower in the modern time) as watch house or guard house. Usually the biruar was built on the top of a tree or any tall object. The purpose was to oversee the coming enemy(s). In a hilly places, biruar was built on the top of the hill.

Source of Living and Livelihood

The ancient Iranun were good farmers and fishermen. They were living in the fertile vast land and sea. They supplement farming and fishing by hunting deers and other wild animals for their daily needs and consumption. Other source of livelihood was black and gold smith industry. Ancient Iranun were good blacksmither and gold smither. For women, Iranun were good waver of mats and malong. The ancient Iranun used barter trading (among themselves and intervillages). The fishermen exchanged fish to rice/corn/ube and other agriculture products/crops for their daily consumption. The farmer did the same. Therefore their medium of exchange in the absence of money was bartering in order to acquire a property or anything for them to survive.

Costumes and Dresses

Ancent Iranun man were using samping (vernacular for bahag) and sablay (Tsaliko in modern time), and tubaw. However, ancient Iranun were shoesless. They were not using shoes due to absence of knowledge on shoemaking. They were footbbeares peeople. For the women, ancient Iranun were using loose blouses in the primitive style. Later, it was improved when foreign contacts with the chinese.

Characteristics /Quality(s)/Habits

Ancient Iranun possessed a very hospitable, courteous, respectfull, obedience and other good qualities. They were brave and good combatant (warrior). They were champion of freedom and defense. They usually considered their lawfull leaders as second to prophets. All orders of their leaders were faithfully followed. They were peace-maker and loving people. They were good friend but magnificient enemy in time of war.

System of Education

The ancient Iranun system of education was very simple. There was no school building and other materials. They used their individual houses as school building and classrooms. The father was the teacher of the boy children. The father taught his male children on manhood responsibilities and obligations such as farming, hunting, carpentry, and other manhood works. Skill on warriorship was the most important training among boy children. For the girl children, ancient Iranun taught their girl children on motherhood responsibilities and obligations such as cooking, waving, sewing, embroidery, washing clothes and kitchen utensils, rearing of children and motherhood works. Kapaningit sa engged ( Love and jealous of country was inculcated in the minds and hearts of each Iranun minors) by their teacher (mother).

Each Iranun minor was trained to love the country. Love of country was the noblest act. They emphasized that country emanates all aspects of humanity. Iranun people were good nation makers. Both man and woman were required to study nationalism and patriotism. Thus the system of education of the ancient Iranun was simple. The emphasis was focus on love of country and humanity.


References:

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ISLAMIC REFERENCES (كتب التراث)

  • http://www.islamway.com/index.php?iw_s=library
  • http://www.waqfeya.com
  • http://www.almaknaz.com
  • http://www.shamela.ws